evolution

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Research articles

Environmental factors drive language density more in food-producing than in hunter–gatherer populations
- Curdin Derungs
- Martina Köhl
- Robert Weibel
- Balthasar Bickel
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1885

Published:22 August 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2851
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Linguistic diversity is a key aspect of human population diversity and shapes much of our social and cognitive lives. To a considerable extent, the distribution of this diversity is driven by environmental factors such as climate or coast access. An ...
Research articles

The onset of ecological diversification 50 years after colonization of a crater lake by haplochromine cichlid fishes
- Florian N. Moser
- Jacco C. van Rijssel
- Salome Mwaiko
- Joana I. Meier
- Benjamin Ngatunga
- Ole Seehausen
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1884

Published:15 August 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0171
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Adaptive radiation research typically relies on the study of evolution in retrospective, leaving the predictive value of the concept hard to evaluate. Several radiations, including the cichlid fishes in the East African Great Lakes, have been studied ...
The evolution of city life

Linking locomotor performance to morphological shifts in urban lizards
- Kristin M. Winchell
- Inbar Maayan
- Jason R. Fredette
- Liam J. Revell
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0229
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Urban habitats are drastically modified from their natural state, creating unique challenges and selection pressures for organisms that reside in them. We compared locomotor performance of Anolis lizards from urban and forest habitats on tracks differing ...
The evolution of city life

Urban rat races: spatial population genomics of brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) compared across multiple cities
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0245
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Urbanization often substantially influences animal movement and gene flow. However, few studies to date have examined gene flow of the same species across multiple cities. In this study, we examine brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) to test hypotheses about ...
Research articles

Individual-specific mortality is associated with how individuals evaluate future discounting decisions
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:13 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0304
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How organisms discount the value of future rewards is associated with many important outcomes, and may be a central component of theories of life-history. According to life-history theories, prioritizing immediacy is indicative of an accelerated strategy (...
Research articles

The rise of the ruling reptiles and ecosystem recovery from the Permo-Triassic mass extinction
- Martín D. Ezcurra
- Richard J. Butler
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:13 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0361
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One of the key faunal transitions in Earth history occurred after the Permo-Triassic mass extinction (ca 252.2 Ma), when the previously obscure archosauromorphs (which include crocodylians, dinosaurs and birds) become the dominant terrestrial vertebrates. ...
Research articles

Increased fluctuation in a butterfly metapopulation leads to diploid males and decline of a hyperparasitoid
- Abhilash Nair
- Etsuko Nonaka
- Saskya van Nouhuys
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1885

Published:22 August 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0372
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Climate change can increase spatial synchrony of population dynamics, leading to large-scale fluctuation that destabilizes communities. High trophic level species such as parasitoids are disproportionally affected because they depend on unstable ...
Research articles

Exaggerated male legs increase mating success by reducing disturbance to females in the cave wētā Pachyrhamma waitomoensis
- Murray Fea
- Gregory I. Holwell
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0401
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Mate guarding is a widespread behaviour resulting from sperm competition and conflict over optimal remating rates. It is a key way in which males exhibit differential mating investment, and represents a complex interplay between mating effort, intrasexual ...
Research articles

Social contact patterns can buffer costs of forgetting in the evolution of cooperation
- Jeffrey R. Stevens
- Jan K. Woike
- Lael J. Schooler
- Stefan Lindner
- Thorsten Pachur
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:13 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0407
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Analyses of the evolution of cooperation often rely on two simplifying assumptions: (i) individuals interact equally frequently with all social network members and (ii) they accurately remember each partner's past cooperation or defection. Here, we ...
Research articles

Phagocytic intracellular digestion in amphioxus (Branchiostoma)
- Chunpeng He
- Tingyu Han
- Xin Liao
- Yuxin Zhou
- Xiuqiang Wang
- Rui Guan
- Tian Tian
- Yixin Li
- Changwei Bi
- Na Lu
- Ziyi He
- Bing Hu
- Qiang Zhou
- Yue Hu
- Zuhong Lu
- J.-Y. Chen
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0438
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The digestive methods employed by amphioxus (Branchiostoma)—both intracellular phagocytic digestion and extracellular digestion—have been discussed since 1937. Recent studies also show that epithelial cells lining the Branchiostoma digestive tract can ...
Research articles

Toxicity and taste: unequal chemical defences in a mimicry ring
- Anne E. Winters
- Nerida G. Wilson
- Cedric P. van den Berg
- Martin J. How
- John A. Endler
- N. Justin Marshall
- Andrew M. White
- Mary J. Garson
- Karen L. Cheney
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0457
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Mimicry of warning signals is common, and can be mutualistic when mimetic species harbour equal levels of defence (Müllerian), or parasitic when mimics are undefended but still gain protection from their resemblance to the model (Batesian). However, ...
Research articles

Ecological conditions alter cooperative behaviour and its costs in a chemically defended sawfly
- Carita Lindstedt
- Antti Miettinen
- Dalial Freitak
- Tarmo Ketola
- Andres López-Sepulcre
- Elina Mäntylä
- Hannu Pakkanen
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1884

Published:01 August 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0466
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The evolution of cooperation and social behaviour is often studied in isolation from the ecology of organisms. Yet, the selective environment under which individuals evolve is much more complex in nature, consisting of ecological and abiotic interactions ...
Research articles

On dangerous ground: the evolution of body armour in cordyline lizards
- Chris Broeckhoven
- Yousri El Adak
- Cang Hui
- Raoul Van Damme
- Theodore Stankowich
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:13 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0513
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Animal body armour is often considered an adaptation that protects prey against predatory attacks, yet comparative studies that link the diversification of these allegedly protective coverings to differential predation risk or pressure are scarce. Here, ...
Review articles

Taking turns: bridging the gap between human and animal communication
- Simone Pika
- Ray Wilkinson
- Kobin H. Kendrick
- Sonja C. Vernes
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0598
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Language, humans’ most distinctive trait, still remains a ‘mystery’ for evolutionary theory. It is underpinned by a universal infrastructure—cooperative turn-taking—which has been suggested as an ancient mechanism bridging the existing gap between the ...
Research articles

Linking pollinator efficiency to patterns of pollen limitation: small bees exploit the plant–pollinator mutualism
- Matthew H. Koski
- Jennifer L. Ison
- Ashley Padilla
- Angela Q. Pham
- Laura F. Galloway
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0635
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Seemingly mutualistic relationships can be exploited, in some cases reducing fitness of the exploited species. In plants, the insufficient receipt of pollen limits reproduction. While infrequent pollination commonly underlies pollen limitation (PL), ...
Review articles

What is cumulative cultural evolution?
- Alex Mesoudi
- Alex Thornton
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:13 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0712
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In recent years, the phenomenon of cumulative cultural evolution (CCE) has become the focus of major research interest in biology, psychology and anthropology. Some researchers argue that CCE is unique to humans and underlies our extraordinary ...
Research articles

True recognition of nestlings by hosts selects for mimetic cuckoo chicks
- Hee-Jin Noh
- Ros Gloag
- Naomi E. Langmore
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0726
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Brood parasitic cuckoos lay their eggs in other birds' nests, whereafter the young cuckoo hatches, ejects its nest-mates and monopolizes the care of the host parents. Theory predicts that hosts should not evolve to recognize and reject cuckoo chicks via ...
Research articles

Interference competition pressure predicts the number of avian predators that shifted their timing of activity
- Yifan Pei
- Mihai Valcu
- Bart Kempenaers
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:06 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0744
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Being active at different times facilitates the coexistence of functionally similar species. Hence, time partitioning might be induced by competition. However, the relative importance of direct interference and indirect exploitation competition on time ...
Research articles

The distribution of bacterial doubling times in the wild
- Beth Gibson
- Daniel J. Wilson
- Edward Feil
- Adam Eyre-Walker
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1880

Published:13 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0789
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Generation time varies widely across organisms and is an important factor in the life cycle, life history and evolution of organisms. Although the doubling time (DT) has been estimated for many bacteria in the laboratory, it is nearly impossible to ...
Research articles

Single neuron serotonin receptor subtype gene expression correlates with behaviour within and across three molluscan species
- A. N. Tamvacakis
- A. Senatore
- P. S. Katz
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Volume 285, Issue 1885

Published:22 August 2018 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0791
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The marine mollusc, Pleurobranchaea californica varies daily in whether it swims and this correlates with whether serotonin (5-HT) enhances the strength of synapses made by the swim central pattern generator neuron, A1/C2. Another species, Tritonia ...

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